Pydantic AI Evals
How to use Pydantic Evals with Phoenix to evaluate AI applications using structured evaluation frameworks
Pydantic Evals is an evaluation library that provides preset direct evaluations and LLM Judge evaluations. It can be used to run evaluations over dataframes of cases defined with Pydantic models. This guide shows you how to use Pydantic Evals alongside Arize Phoenix to run evaluations on traces captured from your running application.
Launch Phoenix
Sign up for Phoenix:
Sign up for an Arize Phoenix account at https://app.phoenix.arize.com/login
Install packages:
pip install arize-phoenix-otelSet your Phoenix endpoint and API Key:
import os
# Add Phoenix API Key for tracing
PHOENIX_API_KEY = "ADD YOUR API KEY"
os.environ["PHOENIX_CLIENT_HEADERS"] = f"api_key={PHOENIX_API_KEY}"
os.environ["PHOENIX_COLLECTOR_ENDPOINT"] = "https://app.phoenix.arize.com"Your Phoenix API key can be found on the Keys section of your dashboard.
Install
pip install pydantic-evals arize-phoenix openai openinference-instrumentation-openaiSetup
Enable Phoenix tracing to capture traces from your application:
from phoenix.otel import register
tracer_provider = register(
project_name="pydantic-evals-tutorial",
auto_instrument=True, # Automatically instrument OpenAI calls
)Basic Usage
1. Generate Traces to Evaluate
First, create some example traces by running your AI application. Here's a simple example:
from openai import OpenAI
import os
client = OpenAI()
inputs = [
"What is the capital of France?",
"Who wrote Romeo and Juliet?",
"What is the largest planet in our solar system?",
]
def generate_trace(input):
client.chat.completions.create(
model="gpt-4o-mini",
messages=[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant. Only respond with the answer to the question as a single word or proper noun.",
},
{"role": "user", "content": input},
],
)
for input in inputs:
generate_trace(input)2. Export Traces from Phoenix
Export the traces you want to evaluate:
import phoenix as px
from phoenix.trace.dsl import SpanQuery
query = SpanQuery().select(
input="llm.input_messages",
output="llm.output_messages",
)
# Query spans from Phoenix
spans = px.Client().query_spans(query, project_name="pydantic-evals-tutorial")
spans["input"] = spans["input"].apply(lambda x: x[1].get("message").get("content"))
spans["output"] = spans["output"].apply(lambda x: x[0].get("message").get("content"))3. Define Evaluation Dataset
Create a dataset of test cases using Pydantic Evals:
from pydantic_evals import Case, Dataset
cases = [
Case(
name="capital of France",
inputs="What is the capital of France?",
expected_output="Paris"
),
Case(
name="author of Romeo and Juliet",
inputs="Who wrote Romeo and Juliet?",
expected_output="William Shakespeare",
),
Case(
name="largest planet",
inputs="What is the largest planet in our solar system?",
expected_output="Jupiter",
),
]4. Create Custom Evaluators
Define evaluators to assess your model's performance:
from pydantic_evals.evaluators import Evaluator, EvaluatorContext
class MatchesExpectedOutput(Evaluator[str, str]):
def evaluate(self, ctx: EvaluatorContext[str, str]) -> float:
is_correct = ctx.expected_output == ctx.output
return is_correct
class FuzzyMatchesOutput(Evaluator[str, str]):
def evaluate(self, ctx: EvaluatorContext[str, str]) -> float:
from difflib import SequenceMatcher
def similarity_ratio(a, b):
return SequenceMatcher(None, a, b).ratio()
# Consider it correct if similarity is above 0.8 (80%)
is_correct = similarity_ratio(ctx.expected_output, ctx.output) > 0.8
return is_correct5. Setup Task and Dataset
Create a task that retrieves outputs from your traced data:
import nest_asyncio
nest_asyncio.apply()
async def task(input: str) -> str:
output = spans[spans["input"] == input]["output"].values[0]
return output
# Create dataset with evaluators
dataset = Dataset(
cases=cases,
evaluators=[MatchesExpectedOutput(), FuzzyMatchesOutput()],
)6. Add LLM Judge Evaluator
For more sophisticated evaluation, add an LLM judge:
from pydantic_evals.evaluators import LLMJudge
dataset.add_evaluator(
LLMJudge(
rubric="Output and Expected Output should represent the same answer, even if the text doesn't match exactly",
include_input=True,
model="openai:gpt-4o-mini",
),
)7. Run Evaluation
Execute the evaluation:
report = dataset.evaluate_sync(task)
print(report)Advanced Usage
Upload Results to Phoenix
Upload your evaluation results back to Phoenix for visualization:
from phoenix.trace import SpanEvaluations
# Extract results from the report
results = report.model_dump()
# Create dataframes for each evaluator
meo_spans = spans.copy()
fuzzy_label_spans = spans.copy()
llm_label_spans = spans.copy()
for case in results.get("cases"):
# Extract evaluation results
meo_label = case.get("assertions").get("MatchesExpectedOutput").get("value")
fuzzy_label = case.get("assertions").get("FuzzyMatchesOutput").get("value")
llm_label = case.get("assertions").get("LLMJudge").get("value")
input = case.get("inputs")
# Update labels in dataframes
meo_spans.loc[meo_spans["input"] == input, "label"] = str(meo_label)
fuzzy_label_spans.loc[fuzzy_label_spans["input"] == input, "label"] = str(fuzzy_label)
llm_label_spans.loc[llm_label_spans["input"] == input, "label"] = str(llm_label)
# Add scores for Phoenix metrics
meo_spans["score"] = meo_spans["label"].apply(lambda x: 1 if x == "True" else 0)
fuzzy_label_spans["score"] = fuzzy_label_spans["label"].apply(lambda x: 1 if x == "True" else 0)
llm_label_spans["score"] = llm_label_spans["label"].apply(lambda x: 1 if x == "True" else 0)
# Upload to Phoenix
px.Client().log_evaluations(
SpanEvaluations(
dataframe=meo_spans,
eval_name="Direct Match Eval",
),
SpanEvaluations(
dataframe=fuzzy_label_spans,
eval_name="Fuzzy Match Eval",
),
SpanEvaluations(
dataframe=llm_label_spans,
eval_name="LLM Match Eval",
),
)Custom Evaluation Workflows
You can create more complex evaluation workflows by combining multiple evaluators:
from pydantic_evals.evaluators import Evaluator, EvaluatorContext
from typing import Dict, Any
class ComprehensiveEvaluator(Evaluator[str, str]):
def evaluate(self, ctx: EvaluatorContext[str, str]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
# Multiple evaluation criteria
exact_match = ctx.expected_output == ctx.output
# Length similarity
length_ratio = min(len(ctx.output), len(ctx.expected_output)) / max(len(ctx.output), len(ctx.expected_output))
# Semantic similarity (simplified)
from difflib import SequenceMatcher
semantic_score = SequenceMatcher(None, ctx.expected_output.lower(), ctx.output.lower()).ratio()
return {
"exact_match": exact_match,
"length_similarity": length_ratio,
"semantic_similarity": semantic_score,
"overall_score": (exact_match * 0.5) + (semantic_score * 0.3) + (length_ratio * 0.2)
}Observe
Once you have evaluation results uploaded to Phoenix, you can:
View evaluation metrics: See overall performance across different evaluation criteria
Analyze individual cases: Drill down into specific examples that passed or failed
Compare evaluators: Understand how different evaluation methods perform
Track improvements: Monitor evaluation scores over time as you improve your application
Debug failures: Identify patterns in failed evaluations to guide improvements
The Phoenix UI will display your evaluation results with detailed breakdowns, making it easy to understand your AI application's performance and identify areas for improvement.
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